Exam Questions Essay

Propelled nations, which have the capacity to improve, just as high-pay levels and mass utilization, will offer the thing first to its household showcase, at that point will become introductory exporters of products to other in fact advance nations. After the item gets embraced and utilized on the planet markets, creation slowly moves from the purpose of starting point. The propelled nation loses their fares at first to creating nations (who will import and later assembling these products) and in this way to less created nations. In the end, the first propelled nation (unique trailblazer) will become shippers of these merchandise since they will have started creating other new items. The term of each phase of the cycle shifts with the item and the kind of the executives supporting it. Understanding the item life-cycle stages permits an organization to completely make the most of market openings by either building up or securing an upper hand through an enduring business sector nearness. The fundamental usiness explanation behind expanding the item life-cycle is increment deals through longer presence in the commercial center. Certain shoppers will grasp an item at various phases of the item life cycle so by broadening each phase of the cycle, there is a superior possibility of introduction to the focused on buyer gathering. A usually utilized case of this is the innovation, development and creation of the PC. Stage one is viewed as the new item stage and this is the place household creation basically starts. After a time of innovative work, another item is acquainted with meet nearby (or national) needs. The item is made, created and devoured in the household showcase and practically no exchange happens. During the presentation stage, the enhancing organization doesn't have the foggiest idea about the degree to which a gainful market exists. For example in the late 1970’s and into the mid 1980’s, during the beginning times of the PC, IBM and Apple pc’s were created in the US and focused on office and private company use. PC utilize spread rapidly all through the residential market as an ever increasing number of family units made buys for expanded individual profitability and gaming purposes. In stage two, the developing item stage, household creation tops as the interest for the item altogether increments since the customer base starts to recognize the item esteem. This stage is implied by a time of development as deals and an ascent in benefits as large scale manufacturing procedures are created and remote interest extends (created nations). At this stage the item is currently sent out to other created nations and both household and outside contenders rise. A duplicate item is created somewhere else and presented in the nation of origin (and somewhere else) to catch development in the home market. In light of creation costs, fabricating moves to different nations. Just like the case with Apple PC’s, creation in this stage moved out of the first office and into assembling plants in California and Texas just as conveyance stockrooms in both the US and the Netherlands. Stage three is the normalized item stage. This is the point at which the market for the item settles and local creation decreases. The item turns out to be to a greater extent an article of exchange and organizations are constrained to decrease fabricating costs which is the fundamental explanation behind moving creation destinations to nations with lower work costs. As creation moves to creating nations, thus, they start to send out the item to created nations. An item immersion stage is experienced as deals level off and the main indications of decay happen. In the PC business, the US showcase low-estimated brand-name imports from makers, for example, South Korea’s Hyundai and Samsung. A few Taiwanese makers traded a great many PCs both to the US and different nations, a huge segment which are delivered for remote wholesalers. To challenge this, Apple consolidated their product offering, extended utilization of industry standard parts, redistributed segment fabricating and smoothed out warehousing tasks. There is a last phase of decrease where less fortunate nations establish the main markets for the item and import rivalry is solid. Now, practically all declining items are delivered in less created nations. The PC isn't really a genuine case of decrease, for one on the grounds that there is a frail interest for PCs in less created nations, but instead a case of innovation that is regularly improving which would make prior variants of PCs and related programming outdated. Ordinarily, an item may at last vanish from the market now, in any case, PC innovation keep on improving. There is no danger of the PC vanishing, yet certain renditions will in the long run become dinosaurs. . Clarify Porter’s Diamond as far as Nokia’s improvement as a global versatile telecom powerhouse. Michael Porter’s â€Å"theory of national serious advantage† system was the result of an investigation of examples of relative bit of leeway among industrialized countries and took a gander at wellsprings of upper hand from a national setting. The precious stone formed hypothesis can be utilized to assess both a firm s’ capacity to work in a national market just as a national markets’ capacity to contend globally. Porter’s hypothesis of global exchange originates from the connection of four nation and firm-explicit components: 1. Factor conditions †this is a country’s heritage of creation factors that influence its capacity to contend on a global level, for example, HR, physical assets, information assets, and so forth. Doorman looks past the most essential elements of land, work and money to incorporate the instructive degree of the workforce and the nature of the country’s framework. 2. Request conditions †request in the home market causes the organization to set up an upper hand. An exceptionally evolved local market will constrain a firm to advance quicker and to make further developed items than those of contenders. At the point when the residential market for a specific item is bigger locally than in remote markets, the â€Å"home† firm will dedicate more regard for that item which prompts an upper hand when sending out starts. 3. Related and supporting businesses †these related and supporting enterprises give practical data sources and partake during the time spent overhauling which serves to invigorate different organizations in the chain to enhance. At the point when neighborhood supporting businesses are serious, the â€Å"home† firm encounters more cost-adequacy and advancement. This impact is fortified when the supporting ventures (providers) are solid contenders too. 4. Firm methodology, structure and contention †the manner by which organizations are made and overseen are significant for progress. The nearness of contention in the local market is significant on the grounds that it makes strain to ceaselessly improve so as to advance intensity. Different conditions that influence the precious stone hypothesis are: †Government †clearly the legislature can impact the gracefully states of key creations factors, the interest conditions in the household advertise and the opposition between residential firms. The administration can likewise intercede on a few distinct levels (neighborhood, provincial, national, universal). - Chance †plainly, chance occasions will happen that are outside the control of the local firm. Chance is significant in light of the fact that it can make or upset serious positions. Porter’s Diamond as far as Nokia Factor conditions: - Finland is one of the world’s generally homogenous and stable social orders just as having modern buyers; - As a nation, Finland has put cash into a solid instructive framework which gives them a superb instructive framework with which to give the fundamental work power; - Finland has a uniform, showcase arranged government; Nokia, with close connections to national government, has impelled innovation, legitimate issues and fare openings. Finland all in all has a national serious technique; - Substantial open interest in media communications related R&D which centers around remote innovation; - Finland has a convention of imaginative building and telecom industry - Due to unforgiving physical and normal conditions, alternatives for a land-based wired framework was an extravagant choice, making remote computerized frameworks a relative can foresee a similar cost; - Most of the populace communicates in English; - Finland was an early adopters of the web and different remote exercises. Request conditions: †As referenced in the Factor Conditions, a scantily populated zone bolsters reception of remote gadgets; - The climate and physical backings cell phone over up close and personal discussions; - Nationally, a substantial utilization of messaging and different remote message administrations; - Finland a test showcase for remote applications; - Nordic Mobile Telephone made the world’s biggest single versatile market. Related and Supporting businesses: †Huge R&D spending by government and organizations; Finland, in general, offers solid funding, and a solid maker arrange; - Due to the nature and need of remote correspondence, there is a high number of particular organizations because of divided market; - There are roughly 3,000 Finnish firms in telecom and IT related items and administrations; - There is a huge neighborhood flexibly taking into account exceptionally tweaked commitments Firm methodology, structure and contention: †Significant notable explanations behind profoundly serious scene inside Finland; - A solid fare focused trade understanding; Sturdy system and connections between organizations, banks and governments; - The Regional Development Agencies Act favors extreme competition; - H

Creative Accounting

The term of innovative bookkeeping alludes to choose bookkeeping strategies for the arrangement of budget report that give the outcome wanted by the bookkeeping preparers. Particularly when the organizations are under a money related trouble, the need of inventiveness would be extremely obvious on the grounds that it may be hard for gatherings, for example, inspectors, with an oversight work, to report that the record preparers are doing anything incorrectly (Deegan, 2010). At the point when the economy is moving into downturn, the most organizations are probably going to control their budget report to be the upward way all together for the ideal benefit by exaggerating the advantage and downplaying the risk. b) No, the jobs and obligations of examiners and controllers are fundamental at improving control. Reviewers perform reviews to assess whether the arrangements and procedure are planned and working successfully and give proposals to progress. They likewise help to screen and assess the viability of the associations chance administration forms. They may set up an exhaustive evaluation of any wrong doing that may lead the association into money related misfortune. Concerning the job of controllers, they will decide how best to cause firms subject to their purview to create control strategies and methodology to meet the presentation targets. Actually, evaluators and controllers are a piece of the mainstays of corporate administration. The inspectors and controllers unquestionably work to foresee the notice of the downturn and offer notice to the organization. In any case, they couldn't be in position to complete official conclusion and to control each improvement and procedure. Much the same as the HIH protection case, the chiefs despite everything settle on wrong choice, regardless of whether there was the simultaneousness of the statisticians and the inspectors. It doesn't make a difference how productively they assumed their job, it makes a difference how effectively the four columns which are guest of executives, the executives, examiners and controllers could be orchestrated with. In other word, this disappointment ought not be the motivation to decrease the jobs of inspectors and controllers. Inventive Accounting The term of inventive bookkeeping alludes to choose bookkeeping techniques for the planning of fiscal report that give the outcome wanted by the bookkeeping preparers. Particularly when the organizations are under a budgetary trouble, the need of imagination would be exceptionally obvious in light of the fact that it may be hard for gatherings, for example, reviewers, with an oversight work, to report that the record preparers are doing anything incorrectly (Deegan, 2010). At the point when the economy is moving into downturn, the most organizations are probably going to control their budget report to be the upward way all together for the positive benefit by exaggerating the advantage and downplaying the risk. b) No, the jobs and duties of inspectors and controllers are imperative at improving control. Inspectors perform reviews to assess whether the approaches and procedure are planned and working adequately and give suggestions to progress. They likewise help to screen and assess the viability of the associations hazard the executives forms. They may set up a complete evaluation of any wrong doing that may lead the association into budgetary misfortune. With respect to the job of controllers, they will decide how best to cause firms subject to their locale to create control strategies and techniques to meet the exhibition destinations. Truth be told, reviewers and controllers are a piece of the mainstays of corporate administration. The evaluators and controllers certainly work to anticipate the notice of the downturn and offer notice to the organization. Be that as it may, they couldn't be in position to complete official choice and to control each improvement and procedure. Much the same as the HIH protection case, the executives despite everything settle on wrong choice, regardless of whether there was the simultaneousness of the statisticians and the reviewers. It doesn't make a difference how proficiently they assumed their job, it makes a difference how productively the four columns which are guest of executives, the board, evaluators and controllers could be orchestrated with. In other word, this disappointment ought not be the motivation to decrease the jobs of reviewers and controllers.

Project Proposal E-commerce Website

Question: Examine about theProject Proposal for E-business Website. Answer: Venture Overview The venture incorporates the formation of an online business site for a business that chips away at the selling of the clinical items. These items will be made accessible online for the clients to view and buy. The site will be created with PHP language and will be connected to a database as the backend. There will be various functionalities actualized in the site, for example, login, logout, item inventory and the connection to the PayPal account too. Presentation The undertaking is related for the making of an internet business site for the business. The archive is the undertaking suggestion that covers the task review alongside the support of the venture and the portrayal of the proposed framework. The points, targets and the extent of the task have additionally been shrouded in the report. The useful just as the non-useful viewpoints will be considered during the structure and advancement of the site. Undertaking Justification The current time is the period of computerized data and the web based applications. It is essential for each business to have online nearness for guaranteeing the achievement and greatest client base. The venture will check the online nearness and availability of the items that will be offered by the business through the site. Portrayal of the Proposed Solution The site will be made in PHP as the front end and MySQL will be the database and will fill in as the back end for the site. The styling will be done through the falling templates (CSS) and the security components will likewise be executed in the site. There will be a landing page of the site that will incorporate the login usefulness alongside a concise depiction about the business. The extra website pages will be of item inventory, explicit items, client criticism and inquiry and the logout usefulness. The design that will be followed in the site will be of the structure as header area followed by menu, body and footer. The three segments as header, menu and footer will stay reliable for all the website pages and the body area will differ according to the necessary data. The shading plan will likewise be predictable for the entirety of the site pages and an unobtrusive shading plan and topic will be chosen for the site. Venture Aim The point of the venture is to make and discharge a web based business site for the business to permit it to have online nearness and upgraded client base. Task Objectives To finish the structure, advancement, testing and usage of the site according to the timetable that has been assessed during the commencement and arranging stages To finish the structure, improvement, testing and usage of the site according to the spending that has been assessed during the commencement and arranging stages To execute all the practical prerequisites in the site To execute all the non-practical prerequisites in the site To execute the security highlights and components in the site Task Scope In Scope Capacity to execute the login usefulness in the site to permit the clients to use the whole arrangement of highlights that are incorporated. The client will be solicited to enter the set from substantial accreditations and without the equivalent; the client must have the option to enlist on the site. Capacity to incorporate the item index on the site incorporate the rundown of the items offered by the site Capacity to refresh the item list according to the most recent accessibility and stocks Capacity to plan an assigned page for each item that would incorporate the item name, depiction, picture and cost Capacity to execute the login usefulness in the site Capacity to actualize the non-useful necessity of versatility in the site to ensure that the segments of the site can be scaled up or downsized according to the circumstance without affecting the current functionalities Capacity to execute the non-practical necessity of accessibility in the site to ensure that the segments of the site are accessible to the clients from all areas and whenever Capacity to actualize the non-useful necessity of ease of use in the site to ensure that the segments of the site are structured according to the desires and particulars wanted by the clients Capacity to actualize the non-useful necessity of unwavering quality in the site to ensure that the data that is recovered from the site is legitimate and precise consistently Capacity to actualize the non-useful necessity of execution in the site to ensure that the reaction time for each activity is incredibly low Capacity to actualize the non-utilitarian necessity of interoperatibility in the site to ensure that the site is grown once and executed and practical from any gadget or medium without the need to create it once more Capacity to execute the non-practical necessity of security in the site to ensure that the parts of the site are sheltered and secure to get to and the data of the clients is kept secured consistently Out of Scope The exercises related with the showcasing of the site on different media stages, for example, online networking, tele media, print media and in like manner would not be secured The exercises related with the promoting of the site on different media stages, for example, web based life, tele media, print media and in like manner would not be secured The undertaking group won't spread the assignments of obtainment of the devices required for the plan and advancement of the site The venture group won't arrange and manage the outsider sellers on the instruments and gear required for the site

Purchasing Top 50 Essay Topics

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Among the more effective approaches ought to be to seek out the help of an instructional source who can write down an essential phrase papers for everybody. The outline ought to be made in accordance to the significance of the suggestions and arguments that you'd be incorporating in GED essay writing. After you decide on a specific topic, step one is to develop into an authority in the area.

Essay on Minority Report - 1160 Words

KANT EXERCISE 1. Does the fallibility of the system—the fact that â€Å"minority reports† suggest that some few of those treated as murderers had a â€Å"possible alternative future† in which they would not actually have committed the crime— make that system morally unjustifiable according to Act Utilitarianism? According to Act Utilitarianism, the act that makes the greatest happiness to the group will be morally permissible. In fact, a person who is criminal will be judged by his ability to hurt other or committing a crime. The consequence of arresting the potential murderer will help to maximize victim and their family’s utility. Otherwise, if we choosing to refraining from arresting, murderer will be happy; and the victims†¦show more content†¦In my opinion, the precrime system of permanently jailing would-have-been murderers is not morally better than the alternative systems. A person should be given a chance to change their fate before being detained. If the murderer is warned about their precogs’ visions of their future crimes, it would be more morally justified. According to Act Utilitarianism, this action will minimize pain for both sides. However, because crime can be motivated by many factors such as emotion instability, financial hardship, etc, it could hap pen unpredictably. Therefore, the alternative of detaining the crime temporarily would be better than permanent detained. The pain of being detained is less than the potential pain of the victims and their family; so it is morally permissible. This helps to prevent potential crime in the Minority Report. 3. Are the â€Å"precogs† being used in a way that violates the second formulation of Kant’s moral law? Yes, the ‘precogs† have been used in a way that violates the second formulation of Kant’s moral law. In fact, the second formulation has stated that people should be treated as humanity not as means. In other words, it is not morally right to â€Å"use†Show MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Minority Report1067 Words   |  5 PagesThe 2002 film, Minority Report, seems to contain the aspects of a Kantian approach, but when analysing the movie in further detail, does it hold its place? The Pre-crime program punishes individuals for having the intent to murder another, even when the action does not take place. Kant elaborates his standards pertaining ethics in Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals, where Pre-crime can be further understood. Minority Report takes place in the year 2054, crime is virtually eradicated fromRead More P.K. Dick’s The Minority Report and Steven Spielberg’s The Minority Report992 Words   |  4 PagesP.K. Dick’s The Minority Report and Steven Spielberg’s The Minority Report Death can occur in four ways. A person can die from a physical illness, viruses and infections. A person can die from an accident. A person can commit suicide. Finally a person can be murdered by another person. What if murders could be prevented? In P.K. Dick’s story The Minority Report, and in Spielberg’s film The Minority Report, the future can be altered by using incredible technology. The success of Spielberg’sRead MoreEssay about Minority Report781 Words   |  4 PagesMinority Report is a 2002 science fiction film directed by renowned director Steven Spielberg and is set in the year 2054 in Washington, D. C. The film revolves around an elite law enforcing squad; Precrime. The Precrime Division uses three genetically altered humans called Pre-Cogs whom possesses special powers to see into the future and predict crimes beforehand. After each crime is foreseen and analyzed, Precrime police officers are sent to the crime location to apprehend the futur e murderersRead MoreReview of Minority Report Essay1215 Words   |  5 PagesReview of Minority Report The film, Minority Report, is a science-fiction thriller, based on a short story written by Phillip. K. Dick. The year is 2054, andRead MoreFilm Analysis: The Minority Report Essay1596 Words   |  7 Pages The Minority Report is a film that tries to stop crimes before they happen, with the enlistment of 3 teen pre-cogs. These pre-cogs predict future murders and the authorities swoop in and arrest the would-be murders, before they have the chance of committing the crime. Even thing goes great until Anderton, a cop played by Tom Cruise, is suspected. Written by Philip K. Dick and then turned to film by Steven Spielberg in 2002, the short story to film became a success. Though there are many differencesRead MoreEvaluation of the Effectiveness of the Opening of Minority Report808 Words   |  4 PagesEvaluation of the Effectiveness of the Opening of Minority Report The genre of this film is a modern Sci-Fi movie that deals with the issue of fate and free will. It is in the future because it says the date at the start of the film. The film deals with the issue of free will and fate because the police have a department of pre crime and they can see into the future with there new machine. Next they find the person who might commit the crime and do a test, but sometimesRead More Minority Report: From Story to Screen Essay985 Words   |  4 PagesMinority Report: From Story to Screen Adaptations are never carbon copies. A prime example is Philip K. Dick’s short story and Steven Spielberg’s 2002 film, Minority Report. The structure of the storytelling is indeed different as well as other key elements. The narrative transforms its structure into a more episodic approach when brought to the screen. Words on paper take on a new identity when brought to life on a visual basis. Philip K. Dick’s Minority Report, written in 1956Read MoreEssay on Minority Report: The Book vs the Movie 1282 Words   |  6 PagesIt is a fool-proof system born to ensure absolute safety†¦but when it crumbles, would you go against everything it stands for just to save it? This is the platform that Philip K. Dick, author of the sci-fi short story The Minority Report (MR), has given us. Set in a futuristic New York City, we see Police Commissioner John A. Anderton as the founder of a promising new branch of policing: Precrime, a system that uses Precogs (mutated and retarded oracles) to predict all future crimes. However,Read More Minority Report: Film vs. Short Story Essay937 Words   |  4 PagesMinority Report: Film vs. Short Story Mutant humans, nicknamed precogs, have visions of future crimes. An entire police force is dedicated to interpreting these visions and catching the future criminals before they commit these foreseen crimes. Commissioner John A. Anderton was the creator of this institution called Precrime in New York City and has a strong pride in his work. Everything had seemed to be a success, there had not been a murder for five years, but it all starts to fallRead MoreEthical Issues in the 2002 Steven Spielberg Movie Minority Report1228 Words   |  5 PagesEthical Issues in The 2002 Steven Spielberg Movie Minority Report Technology is progressing every day. We have come so far in the past ten years. Imagine life in 2054, and what life will be like. That is what Philip K. Dick did in 1956 when he wrote the short story Minority Report, which was later produced as a movie. In the movie Minority Report, a team of officers led by John Anderson (Tom Cruise), work together in the precime division. They collect information given by precogs to find

Morality The Basis Of Morality - 1586 Words

Philosophy Essay 2 TOPIC ONE: THE BASIS OF MORALITY The basis of morality has been major area of discussion for philosophers for many years. In The Leviathan, Hobbes argues that desire and aversion determine what is good, evil, right or wrong, believing in a subjective self-interest based view on morality. In The Grounding of Metaphysics of Morals, Kant takes a rational approach, arguing that it is reason that plays a role in determining the same, thus having an objective view on morality. In my opinion, Hobbes’ account has greater validity than Kant’s in the fact that I believe it is human passion that dictates morality. Hobbes believes that morality is based upon the laws of nature. He sees humans as machines and describes the natural universe as a mechanical system. According to him, two motions occur in living beings; vital and voluntary. Vital motions are innate, taking place unconsciously whereas voluntary motions are resultant of conscious motions. Hobbes believes voluntary motions to form due to thought and imagination; calling this process endeavour. It is endeavour that leads to desires and aversion. Human desires are endless and we pursue them until the time of our death. This leads us to Hobbes’ view on the natural state of humans. He believes that without a common power to govern them, men are in a condition of war. In this state, all men are other men’s enemies. This brings rise to the idea ‘Everyone is governed by his own reason†¦in preserving his life againstShow MoreRelated A Basis for Morality Essay2815 Words   |  12 PagesA Basis for Morality In humanitys quest to distinguish itself from the rest of the animal world, a claim to morality has long been one of its greatest arguments. Perhaps second only to reason as a distinguishing characteristic, the ability to exhibit moral behavior instills in humans a distinct sense of natural order. Yet when anthropocentric egoism is dropped and we recognize that we are not, in fact, much different from other animals, our distinctive moral behavior begs explanation. WhatRead MoreThe Objective Basis of Morality Challenged1611 Words   |  7 PagesThe Objective Basis of Morality Challenged The origins of morality and what is defined as good or bad, unethical or moral can easily boggle the mind. It is a topic that can be debated almost endlessly. There are many factors that must be taken into consideration to provide valid philosophies; yet there will still always be debatable elements. Two concepts of morality that are in direct opposition of each other are moral objectivism and moral relativism. Moral relativism can be subjectiveRead MoreTranscendentalism: The Basis of Morality Essay examples923 Words   |  4 Pagesnature; but also include a portion of logic and reasoning. ...transcendentalism remains firm in the hearts not just of religious believers but also of countless scholars in the social sciences and the humanities...(Wilson, The Biological Basis of Morality). Although there is not much logic to support the theories of a God or a higher being somewhere, there is also not enough evidence to disprove the belief of anyone. God is a breeze, you can feel it but cannot see it. Theologians and PhilosophersRead MoreAnimal Rights Should Be Afforded On The Basis Of Morality994 Words   |  4 Pagestowards them. Affording animals certain rights would improve their living conditions as well as human’s conditions, and increase the awareness of the consequences humans may face due to their maltreatment. Animal rights should be afforded on the basis of morality. As a society of moral and just people, it would be wrong to mistreat animals. The treatment of these animals must be protected by some form of rights. Different animals are consumed by humans in different countries. The animals which are sociallyRead MoreCan Medical Service be Refused on the Basis of Morality and Ethics?793 Words   |  3 PagesRefusing Service or Care Whenever there is a discussion that involves ethics and morality there always seems to be some debate. Professional ethics has become more significant over the years. As people become more specialized in their occupations, the concerns become that much more complex. Professional bodies have more and more been at work developing, revising and refining professional codes of ethics. Professionals themselves have asked for more comprehensive codes so as to have better directionRead MoreAnyone or anything that is rational possesses will, whether it is a human being or a field mouse.900 Words   |  4 Pageswe would simply be reacting to external causes. To see how Kant’s statement translates into saying an autonomous will is bound by moral law, we must first understand what morality is, and how one achieves it. Kant believes that morality is an a priori concept, or one that is independent of any experiences of the world. Morality stems from the idea of the ‘good will’, which Kant argues is the only thing truly ‘good’ in the world. Rational beings can bring about their wills through imperatives, orRead MoreReligion, Morality, And Atheism1734 Words   |  7 Pagesare against it. However, these are just a couple of examples showing just how unethical religions can appear to be. But these are only the connotations of religion, morality, and atheism. The true definition of religion is â€Å"an organized system of beliefs, ceremonies, and rules used to worship a god or group of gods.† Note that morality has the separate definition of â€Å"beliefs about what is right and wrong behavior† and the counterpart of religion is atheism, or the lack of the â€Å"belief in the existenceRead MoreDebate On Morality With And Without God1046 Words   |  5 PagesM. SURBER BCOR STEP II: PAPER OUTLINE Topic of debate: Morality with/without God I. Introduction: a. Throughout my life I have been involved in a dynamic battle that always comes back to one question: Is there such a thing as â€Å"God†? I have been raised up in a pretty much non-practicing Christian home. Growing up in this type of lifestyle I have encountered a multitude of different belief systems that were either Secular or Christian-like. But with this debate of if God is real or not, I have comeRead MoreExamples Of Nietzsche And Slave Morality713 Words   |  3 Pagesin this first essay the idea of good and evil, or more importantly, the different views of good an evil taken by two classes of people. For Nietzsche, these two classes are the master morality and the slave morality. To understand their different views Nietzsche explains the origins of each group. The master morality stems from nobility, the powerful, who considers strength and health, and happiness as all good things. They are those that take life head on, so to say, and see the negatives of lifeRead MoreMoral Judgements And Moral Values Essay1372 Words   |  6 Pagesare whatever we as humans choose to pursue and whatever we desire. Now, whether morality is an objective property of the universe, or rather the subjective opinion of humans, is in fact one of the longest running issues in the world of philosophy. This ongoing debate continue for the sole reason that it is hampered by a lack of clarity on what objective and subjective moralities actually are. Objective morality is the stance that something can be discerned to be a morally wrong thing through

Introduction to Business Law Cases and Materials

Question: Describe about the Introduction to Business Law for Cases and Materials. Answer: Issue Wendy has entered into what appears to be an agreement with Dave that upon completion of the run within an hour he will pay her $3000. On the other hand she meets her old friend Bill who promises her that he will cater for the expense of running shoes or clothes incase she needed them . Wendy acquires the clothes and shoes and participated in the run to finish in 58 minutes. Wendy claims her rewards from the two people above but her efforts come to naught. The issue for determination that is presented here is whether there was an intention to create a legal relationship in the two agreements. Law From the outset it should be noticed that there are two relationships here. One seems to be a commercial agreement that is between Dave and Wendy and the other one actually a social relationship between two friends. According to Carter and Harland (1998) the litmus test for determining the intention of the parties has always been determined by the rebuttal presumption. In social agreements the presumption is that the parties do not always intend to be legally bound by the agreement (Balfor v Balfour 1919). In Jones v Padavatton, (1969) a mother promised her daughter that she will pay her if she gives up her job and went to London to study for the bar. It was held that the agreement was a family agreement and therefore there was no intention to be legally bound. Of particular significance is the fact that the court, mentioned that there was no sufficient evidence to rebut the presumption that an intention to be legally bound did not exist. It is apparent from foregoing assertions that if sufficient evidence is adduced to rebut the presumption in family agreement then an intention can be found to exist in a family agreement (Esso Petroleum v Customs Excise, 1976). In commercial agreements the presumptions that usually exists is that the parties intend to be legally bound. In Edwards v Skyways Ltd (1964) the defendants had promised that they will make a payment with an ex gratia amount and even went to publish the promise in the newspaper. The claimant who was a pilot never received the extra amount that was promised because the company claimed that they had rescinded their decision. It was held that there was no sufficient evidence to rebut the presumption that the intention to be legally bound existed. It is imperative to note that the court have since developed a modern approach towards determining the intention of the parties which appears to be extinguishing the rebuttable presumption test. A more persuasive approach has been entrenched by Australian jurisprudence where Gray v Gray (2004) there was a loan agreement between a mother and son the courts were reluctant to apply the rebuttable resumption. They stated that an objective test should be applied on a case to case basis depending ion the facts of each case. In Tadrous v Tadrous (2010) it was held that an objective examination should be done to determine whether the parties intended to be legally bound or the agreement was just an expression of love and trust. In Ashton v Pratt (2012) the court held that one should look at the subject matter of agreement , why the agreement was being made and the personal relationship of the parties at the time of making the agreement. The courts in aforementioned three cases entirely avoided the use of rebuttable presumption test in determining the intention of parties in a social agreement. Application It can be submitted that the relationship between Wendy and Bill was a social agreement and therefore by applying the test provided above it will indeed be an uphill battle for Bill to rebut the presumption that that an intention to be legally bound did not exist. However if the objective test that was set in in this case it will be discovered that Wendy went through a lot of expenses to acquire the pair of shoes and clothes and therefore Bill is bound to meet the agreement. In Wakeling v Ripley (1951) it was held that in determining the intention of the parties consideration has to be placed on expense that was involved in coming to perform the promise. It can thus be firmly stated that the agreement between Wendy and Bill is a binding one. As for the agreement between Wendy and Dave, there seems to be no legal intention because by Wendy stating that thanks that sounds generous the assertions are vague and do not amount to a certain acceptance of the offer made by offer. Rebutting the presumption will not be an onerous task as is typical of commercial agreements. Conclusion It is thus advised to Dave he does not have any legal obligations towards Wendy because from the agreement, an intention to be legally bound did not exist. On the other hand with regards to Bill, it is advised that the financial sacrifice that Wendy made incepted an intention to be legally bound. 2. Issue Dani wanted her Mercedes car upholstery to be restored to its original pristine condition and after being fascinated by Vintage upholsters that she in the web she decided to give them her car. Contrary to her expectation at the end of the work the car was in worse condition than she left it and it was seriously damage. She has discovered that there is a clause in the contract that excluded the upholsters from liability. The issue here is whether the exclusion clause is valid and whether there has been any breach of terms by the upholsters. Law The general principle in law is that the contracting parties are bound by the terms of the contract when they signed it regardless of whether one read and understood the terms of the contract. (L'Estrange v Graucob, 1934) However where a term in a contract seeks to oppress one party in a contract the party is usually protected by common law from such unfair terms. It is submitted that the exclusion clause or term must be brought to the attention of the party before the contract was formed or at the time it was being formed (Thornton v Shoe Lane Parking, 1971). Thus it has been held that a party who is seeking to enforce an unfair term must demonstrate that they provided sufficient notice of the term to the other party (Thompson v LMS Railway 1930). In addition, if the operation of the clause is seriously onerous to the other party, it must be demonstrated that far reaching steps were undertaken to bring the terms to the attention of the other party (Interfoto Picture Library v Stilletto, 1989). It should be borne in mind that where a term in the contract was misrepresented by one party, the clause will have no legal effect to the party it was misrepresented to (Curtis v Chemical Cleaning, 1951). From the aforementioned assertions, it begs the critical question whether an exclusion clause can justify the breach of an implied condition in a contract. A condition is a fundamental term of the contract that goes to the root of the contract. An implied condition is one that is not expressly mentioned in the contract but due to the nature of the promise made between the contracting parties it is expected that the contract will be performed in a certain way (Beale 2004). It has been held that a breach of a condition will entitle the in nocent party an award of damages and also the right to repudiate the contract (Poussard v Spiers, 1876). The innominate term approach which was established in Hong Kong Fir Shipping v Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha (1962) is to the effect that where a breach of the term of the contract substantially denies the innocent party a benefit of the contract the contract can be treated as to have ended and the innocent party can claim damages (Benson 2001). Application It can be conceded that the upholsters had made reasonable steps in ensuring that contract exclusion clause which is deemed unfair was brought to the attention of the Dani. The term was conspicuously put in every reasonable place that one can see. However it should be noted that on entering the place Dani read a poster that assured her that the staff were highly qualified and that the end result is manifest of quality work. It can be inferred that there was a misrepresentation of terms in the contract and therefore the clause will not be operative. The breach of the implied condition that the work will be one that is presentable will entitle Dani an award for damages for the loss and serious damage that was made on her car. Dani could also repudiate the contract. Conclusion It can be concluded that the upholsters will be liable in this case and Dani will have to be given compensatory damages to restore her in the position the car was before the damage caused by the repairs occurred. References Ashton v Pratt [2012] NSWSC 3 Beale, H 2004, Chitty on Contracts, Sweet Maxwell Benson, P, 2001, The Theory of Contract Law: New Essays Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Carter J, W, Harland, D, J 1998, Cases and materials on contract law in Australia, Butterworths Curtis v Chemical Cleaning [1951] 1 KB 805 Edwards v Skyways [1964] 1 WLR 349 Esso Petroleum v Customs Excise [1976] 1 WLR 1 Gray v Gray [2004] NSWCA 408 Hong Kong Fir Shipping v Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha [1962] 2 QB 26 Interfoto Picture Library v Stilletto [1989] QB 433 Jones v Padavatton [1969] 2 All ER 616 L'Estrange v Graucob [1934] 2 KB 394 Poussard v Spiers (1876) 1 QBD 410 Tadrous v Tadrous [2010] NSWSC 1388 Thompson v LMS Railway [1930] 1 KB 41 Thornton v Shoe Lane Parking [1971] 2 WLR 585

Cultural Globalization Essay Example

Cultural Globalization Essay The first question entails an indents look at the Exportability of global markets where issues such as the relationship between national culture and the film industry are explored. There will also be a description of cultural globalization s a two-way street then the focus will shift to certain film genres doing better in some cultures than in others. The second question will explicate a scenario about a South African international motorbike manufacturing company that seeks to import motorbikes Nebulas Gal . GAL to Nigeria. This will demonstrate in detail how environmental factors such as economic, cultural, political and demographic environment will affect the Integrated Marketing Communication (MIMIC) for the product to penetrate the Nigerian market. QUESTION 1 1. 1 The relationship between national culture and the film industry Diane Breather-Boucher on her article is quoting Anderson (1983) who sees the role of the media as a prominent social processes through which a shared public conception is created. She notes that films have been seen as an important part Of a national culture. We will write a custom essay sample on Cultural Globalization specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Cultural Globalization specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Cultural Globalization specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer One other salient point from the findings on her study is a narrative by Front who argues that both the nation and cinema exist through mechanisms of projection, with each form coming into its full development in the twentieth century. This common nature, as well as their shared chronological placement, means that, in practical terms, cinema has en its fate as tightly tied to the substance of nations When coming to the South African context, since the advent of democracy the country has had a vibrant, growing film industry that is growing in reputation and is competitive internationally. South African classic films like Sardinian, Tootsie, the Leon Shutters films, Yogi yogi and Copies like Moving, Generations are different genres which have become part of the South African culture and national identity. Local and foreign filmmakers are also taking advantage of the countrys diverse cultures and unique locations as well as low production costs and favorable exchange rate, which make it cheaper to make a movie here than in Europe or the United States to tell our stories to the world. 31 page 1. 2 Describing cultural globalization as a two-way street. On her research Diane Breather-Boucher concludes by suggesting that the best metaphor would be of cultural globalization as a two-way street, but a two-way street in which different rules of the road apply depending on whether the vehicle (Type of media carrying the culture, e. G films) is traveling to or from the United States. This conclusion was drawn from her earlier findings on comedy which was demonstrated to be traveling on a two way street, but predominantly in one direction, from the major Hollywood studios outward. Diane Breather-Boucher further quotes If (2006), who suggests that the united States owes its export dominance to three overall pattern of intervening variables which involves sharing a culture and/or heritage with producer countries which means that films from countries like France and England are more likely to be represented in the United States. The Nations level of economic development is another pattern mentioned by If and this means that with greater development, there is increasing audience demand for a more diversified sources for film imports. And one other pattern is also mediated by region, with films of a non-SIS industry more likely to do well in neighboring nations than elsewhere, This If makes an example of the cartoon comedy Castrig and BobLiz films which have done very well outside of France in Europe, largely because European audiences are very familiar with the comic book series but have performed poorly in the United States due to the unfamiliarity of the US audience with the characters and also, possibly, a elegance of distributors to take on films suggesting political parallels between Imperial Rome and the United States. Coming to the African continent, one can also conclude that there is also a two-way street because of many African countries having access to internet and a growing but thriving film industry in the continent. Expatriates from Nigeria in South Africa for example, brought along their culture through films and as a results there are even dedicated TV stations and program that broadcast Nigerian films and content which are watched by a huge number of South African. As with the French and US industries, the rules apply fervently on the two-way street between the South African and the Nigerian film industry. 1. Certain film genres doing better in some cultures than in others The numbers on the top US box office films (2006) also appearing on top French box office (2006 or 2007), by genre provided on Diane Breather-Vouchers research indicates that adventure films and animation are more popular in France than comedy or Drama/Musical. This can be attributed to several factors such as plotting, performance, technical quality, as well as marketing strategies. Other factors such as tie-in to a pre-existing cultural product also lays a role. This can be seen on Hollywood movies which depicts South African stories but features lead American actors. This has also been seen by some Of the major Hollywood studios Once closely identified with American 41 page values and society, joining forces in a variety of ventures with studios like Plywood which according to the article by Diane Breather-Boucher will include the investment of some $500 million by the Indian conglomerate Reliance DAD Group in Steven Spielberg Trademarks, meaning that Spielberg recognized that Drama/Animation is has a huge market and he will ii-in to a pre-existing Indian culture when he produces some of his films. A countrys culture, religion, language and customs determines the popularity of a certain Hollywood genres in particular countries. Hollywood action movies turn to be more popular in non English speaking countries because they have less vocabulary and more action. American OF movies are about war while OF movies produced by Boldly/add are about love. Tyler Perrys movies revolves around Christian values, life lesson, romantic comedy and turn to appeal more to Christian countries , while National Basely National movies re based on Islamic values, contraindicative, romantic and they turn to appeal and be watched more by Islamic countries. QUESTION 2 2 ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENTS: According to the business dictionary economic environment is the totality of economic factors such as employment, income, inflation, interest rates, productivity and wealth that influences the buying behavior of consumers and institutions. The Nigerian economic environment is the biggest in Africa. It is also one of the fastest growing and robust economy in the world which will be suitable for selling the Nebulas Gal . GAL toothier. 2. Economic infrastructure: According to a study done by economy watch, Insignias economic structure suffers from a lack of infrastructure and poor regulation related to foreign and private investments. To encourage foreign direct investment in foreign direct investments, the country has aligned trade tariffs with the Economic Community of West African States (SHOWCASE) standards. Prior to 2005, trade tariffs were the second largest source of revenue for the country and this will give Karmic International Motors an advantage to migrate its motorbike business to Nigeria. 2. Standard of living: Still, for 80 percent of the Nigerian population, the cost of living is around USED 1 per day. And there is also a deteriorating infrastructure. Although there is a small but growing middle-class in Nigeria there remains a glaring absence of a middle class. The rich are filthy rich and the poor are dismally, irrevocably poor. Hence Karmic International Motors needs to consider these disparities for pricing. 2. 3 Economic infrastructure: Among its African peers, Nigeria has relatively advanced power, road, rail, and CIT networks that cover the national territory quite extensively. In the transport sector, Insignias road networks are in poor condition from lack of maintenance, and the country has a poor record on air transport safety which means that when Karmic International Motors should expert logistical challenges especially when transporting the motorbikes from the assembly plant to the show rooms. 5 | Page 2. 4 Per capita income: According to the World Bank national accounts data, and COED National Accounts data files, the latest value for GAP per capita (current SIS$) in Nigeria was $1,501. 72 as of 201 1 . Over the past 51 years, the value for this indicator has fluctuated be;en $1,501. In 201 1 and $91. 37 in 1960. This will affect the profit margins of Karmic International Motors especially taking into considerations all capital that has to be spent on running the business and looking at the time to make a return on investment. 2. 5 Exchange rate: according to the money converter the latest exchange rates is 1 South African Rand is equals 16. 1683 Nigerian Naira. This is a good thing because it means all assembling of the motorbike and logistics will be done in Nigeria for a very small amount then transported to other African states at a lower rate. It also means that the motorbike will be marketable nice oil prices are low in Nigeria. 3 CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT: is a set of beliefs, practices, customs and behaviors that are found to be common to everyone that is living within a certain population. Cultural environments shape the way that every person develops, influencing ideologies and personalities [o] 3. 1 Living standard: In Nigerian living in poverty has risen to nearly 61% over the past 5 years. Absolute poverty is measured by those who can afford only the bare essentials. According to WFM Poverty has risen in Nigeria, with almost 100 million people living on less than a $1 a day, despite economic growth. It is a concern for Karmic International Motors besides of doing business in Nigeria, CSS projects that will fit in to the standard of living must be considered to improve the standard of living. 3. 2 Gangue Although: English is the official language of Nigeria but Hausa, Your, Gobo are the some of the domino languages in Nigeria. For marketing the bike on different radio stations all of these languages have to be taken into considerations. 3. Lifestyle: Nigerian are outgoing and friendly. Unlike in South Africa, The motorbike is a very popular mode of transport used in different areas of remonstration in Nigeria. This is a pulling factor for Karmic International Motors to invest in Nigeria. 3. 4 Values: Extended families are still the norm and are in fact the backbone of the social system. Grandparents, cousins, aunts, uncles, sisters, brothers and in-laws all work as a unit through life. Family relationships are guided by hierarchy and seniority. Social standing and recognition is achieved through extended families. These are the values that will be used by Karmic International Motors when they are running marketing campaigns to sell the motorbike. 3. 5 Taboos: Nigeria is a religious entry, the northern part of Nigeria is comprised Of conservative Muslims while the South has conservative Christians. Therefore it is taboo to eat in 6 | Page public during the month of fasting and this is one of the points that Karmic International Motors needs to put in mind when hiring some of the staff members. 3. 5 Norms and customs: Many Nigerian use gestures when communicating. They may smile to mask their true feelings, especially when disappointed or confused. Many employ indirect eye contact to demonstrate their respect for the other person. It is common to gaze at the forehead or shoulders of money they do not know well. Very direct eye contact may be interpreted as being intrusive unless there is a longstanding personal relationship. Members of staff of Karmic International Motors who will be going to train and work in Nigeria from South Africa needs to be trained on the Norms and customs before departing. DEMOGRAPHIC ENVIRONMENT: According to business dictionary [o] this is the demographic factors of the market in which an organization operates, and which are used to segment the target population for effective marketing. 4. 1 Size of population: 173. 6 million in 2013 and over 250 ethnic groups including Hausa and Filial 29%, Your 21 Oh, Gobo (Bib) 18%, Jaw 10%, Kanji 4%, Bobbie 3. 5%, Tip 2. 5% ,Muslim 50%, Christian 40%, indigenous beliefs 10%. This is a huge market for Karmic International Motors. The different demographic dynamics needs to be taken into consideration when setting up the business as well. 4. 2 Education level: The majority of curricula found in the international schools in Nigeria follow British, American or International Baccalaureate standards. The quality of education tends to be high, and students who are children of employees who decides to relocated there need not worry about ailing behind during their time abroad. Furthermore, many of the private schools are equipped with state-of-the-art facilities, and offer a healthy choice of extra-curricular activities. 3 Income level: The income levels are low however there is growing middle-class. The pricing of the motorbike should consider this fact. The Nebulas Gal . GAL motorbike needs to cater both the middle-class and the lower class. Furthermore this will also be at the advantage of Karmic International Motors when it hires staff from Nigeria. 4. 4 Employment rate: Although there is oil in Nigeria and other thriving sectors like farming by big business, however there is also a thriving small medium business enterprises. It also very much important for Karmic International Motors to note this because they will most of the time not be dealing with people who get monthly income but people who will be paying their installment at any given time in a month. 4. 5 Occupation distribution Incentives looking for work in Nigeria can average as much as 45 percent above basic pay, and range between about SAID 100,000 and USED 200,000 per annum. The average is about USED 123,000 a year, but is often quoted in terms of (approximately) USED 71 Page 00 per day. Very high-level senior management jobs in the oil sector will command higher salaries, sometimes as much as USED 450,000 a year. 5 CONCLUSION This assignment discussed different issues that entailed an in-depth look at the Exportability of global markets where issues such as the relationship between national culture and the film industry were explored on the first question. There was also a description of cultural globalization as a two-way street and a look as to why certain film genres do better in some cultures than in others.

Three Infectious Diseases essays

Three Infectious Diseases essays In the beginning diseases were thought to be a kind of punishment from God, rather than an infection caused by a foreign body. Later this was found to be untrue, and we now have an entire field of science devoted to the study of these diseases, the foreign bodies that cause them, and treatments for the diseases. I am prepared to compare 3 infectious diseases. The first disease is AIDS, Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome.. This disease breaks down the immune system and makes it vulnerable to opportunistic diseases. AIDS is caused by HIV, Human Immunodeficiency Virus. This virus attacks white blood cells, and makes the immune system work for the virus rather than the body, and because our immune is so wonderful and strong, it is impossible to beat it, and consequently we cannot beat the virus. Ways that people receive this virus are very clear, through the exchange of body fluids (blood, semen, vaginal secretions, and breast milk) . Although saliva does carry some of the virus, it is not enough to infect a person. So, things such as kissing and sharing drinks are safe from transmission of this virus. There is no cure for AIDS or HIV. There are however, symptomatic treatments do exist. These treatments can prolong the life of a patient. Symptoms include: fever, chills, night sweats, skin rashes, headaches, malaise, swollen lymph nodes, a nd general discomfort. Flu-like symptoms occur several months after infection. This epidemic is a current one, which began in the mid- 70s, and has effect virtually everyone from the lower class to upper class white senators. The epidemic appears to be world spread beginning in Africa, spreading to South and North America, then moving on to Europe, and finally spreading to Asia and parts of Australia. Although the number still grows, as of today, 18.8 million people have died from this epidemic. In the 1300's the epidemic we call ABlack Death@, Bubonic Plague, began in China. By 1347, it had spre...

Report about Plagiarism is one form of academic dishonesty, although Essay

Report about Plagiarism is one form of academic dishonesty, although it cannot be assumed that all plagiarism occurs merely because a student is aiming to cheat. Discuss - Essay Example It is basically copying and pasting ideas from an original work of another person.Murdoch University (2004) defines plagiarism as: Plagiarism constitutes using the work of another without indicating by referencing (and by quotation marks when exact phrases and passages are borrowed) that the ideas expressed are not their own. †¦ Plagiarism and collusion apply to work in any medium (for example, written or audio text, film production, computer programs, etc.) (p. 20). Most universities tend to believe that students plagiarise simply because they want to cheat, however an analysis of a qualitative study done on 12 students revealed that there are other factors that influence a student in plagiarising. Such factors range from poor academic skills, self esteem to social and cultural factors. Research findings from other parts of the world are also comparing positively with these research findings and these findings can go along in generating ideas for universities to look into in solving this issue. Several studies all over the world have been conducted to find out what influences students to commit plagiarism. Initial researches have often used the assumption that plagiarism as a form of cheating is done deliberately by students for selfish gain however recently other research institutions have deviated from this assumption to other qualitative views that propels students to plagiarise (MurdochUniversity, 2004). Certain factors associated with education such as academic skills, social pressures, cultural pressures have also been found to contribute to plagiarism without the student necessarily intending. Although in most universities plagiarism is often equated with cheating. Cheating such as taking notes to an exam room, lying so as to get consideration and intentionally coming up with a fake bibliography is more intentional than plagiarism therefore plagiarism should be given a different approach in order to

Critically evaluate the role played by Victim Support in assisting Essay

Critically evaluate the role played by Victim Support in assisting victims of crime and advocating for reforms on their behalf. And Critically evaluate the cont - Essay Example Other wise they loose the confidence in organized world and faith in other human beings which is dangerous to the society. Hence it calls for immediate measures for crime management and victim support services (Van Dijk, 1996). However, the successful crime management requires thorough study of nature of crime and causes of the same and nature of victimization (Joutsen, 1997). Hence this necessitates the reforms in the criminal law provisions and judiciary and also establishment of victim support organizations for providing services and assistance to genuine victims of crime (Groenhuijsen, 1998). This is made possible by victim support services, European court of Human Rights and the Council of Europe. Victim support1 is a service available to citizens of England for helping themselves in minimizing the effects of crime. There has been a remarkable increase in incidents of crime in different forms in the European society. It is indeed difficult to solve these crime related problems for any person at his individual level with out any external support. Hence there is a strong necessity of some supporting charity or institution that aids the people subjected to crime. Its main objective is to reduce the negative effects of the crime and to manage the crime related after effects in most efficient manner. The role of Victim Support is highly appreciable in this direction. Moreover, Victim Support also promotes and advances the rights of victims and witnesses. Victim support also maintains the confidentiality and privacy of the victims of crime and hence it is liked by all the sections of the people. It is also committed to the service of minority and disadvantaged groups subjected to crime on priority basis. Hence here is a need to critically evaluate its role in assisting victims and advocating reforms on their behalf. Victim Support assists the victims to deal with their experience in most efficient manner. It also

Security Requirements & Possible Risks Essay Example for Free

Security Requirements Possible Risks Essay Huffman Trucking, an established trucking company since 1936, has recently requested the implementation of a new Benefits Elections System to assist management in tracking and reporting the benefits of both union and non-union employees. A database system will be utilized to store critical data such as employee information, along with the benefit package of their choosing. Storing such information requires necessary security measures to be in place to ensure the total protection of the data within. The risks associated with storing critical information must also be thoroughly addressed so Huffman Trucking can develop effective action plans to prevent potential threats from harming the organization. Regardless of the storage method when handling critical information, security measures must be implemented to effectively protect the data, as well as the company assets from potential threats such as theft or litigation. Security Requirements When it comes to effectively protecting company data, any organization has the great responsibility to identify as well as implement security policies, values, strategies, processes, procedures, and best practices to fully ensure data protection, as well as ensure that organizational goals and objectives are continually being met (Reiner, 2008). The information that will be stored within the Huffman Trucking database will include: employee names, social security numbers, birthdates, etc. The loss of such data can ultimately not only harm the employee, but the organization as a whole. In an effort to reduce and/or eliminate such risks, security requirements for the Benefits Elections System should include: firewall security, encryption, and password protection and renewal. Firewall security is an absolute necessary security requirement to effectively protect the database from malicious attacks such as hackers. Firewall security refers to a network device that will block certain types of network traffic, forming a barricade between a trusted and an untrusted network (â€Å"Dell†, 2013). The purpose of this security measure is to prevent the spread of computer attacks by blocking access to information from unauthorized sources. Due to the amount of sensitive data that will be stored within the system, it is recommended that the firewalls should be configured to support the default-deny policy, in which the allowed network services are listed, and everything else is denied (â€Å"Dell†, 2013). The use of encryption will also enhance the security of the information that will be stored within the Benefits Elections System. Encryption is a simple security measure that will distort the information contained within an employee file so that it can be viewed only by the authorized users who have the proper encryption key to decipher it. Much like firewall security, it will block unauthorized users from accessing confidential information by making the data impossible to view. Password protection and renewal are crucial security measures that must be enforced by Huffman Trucking to ensure the protection of data stored within the Benefits Elections System. Authorized users should protect their passwords at all costs; unprotected passwords leave critical data vulnerable to access by unauthorized users. Recommendations to ensure a password is protected include: * Password length: A password should always be at least eight characters long. * Complexity: Make a password as complex as possible by using a variety of letters, numbers, symbols and punctuations. The more complex the password, the better protected it is. * Variation: Change a password at least every three months, if not more. * Variety: Use different passwords for different accounts. Never use the same password for everything. * Confidentiality: Never share or write down a password. Writing down or sharing a password leaves critical data vulnerable in ways that most people can never imagine. The ability of an organization to renew passwords frequently is a significant step towards enhanced data protection (Brown, 2010). To enhance the effectiveness of password renewal, system users should not have the ability to use previous passwords when renewing the current ones. Implementing password renewal on the Benefits Elections System will ensure security measures are continually enforced, especially in the event that if an unauthorized user were to gain access to the system, the password would only be good for a specific length of time before it will be changed. Possible Risks â€Å"Risk† is a term that most people, as well as organizations, are familiar with. Risk can be defined as the probability of any possible threat turning into a disaster, which is why significant measures are often taken to reduce and/or eliminate such possibilities. By utilizing a SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats), Huffman Trucking can effectively determine the vulnerabilities associated with implementing a Benefits Elections System, and develop action plans to correct the vulnerabilities to prevent the risks from becoming reality. Several risks are often associated with the implementation of a new system, however, the main risks that must be considered by Huffman Trucking include: database corruption, human error, and hacking and other malicious attacks. Database corruption is likely the most common cause of data loss within an information system (Mulvey, 2006). Database corruption damages the database and impairs functionality. Memory errors, network errors, power glitches, PC crashing when the database is open are all examples of incidences that can lead to database corruption. Data corruption is unfortunately inevitable; however, there are several practices that can be done to avoid such a threat. These practices include, but are not limited to: * Ensuring the network is set up properly. * Running Scandisk and Defrag often to ensure hard disk functionality. * Refraining from using databases during thunderstorms to avoid power glitches. * Ensuring the database is implemented correctly, and is ready to be utilized by all system users. Human error is perhaps one of the biggest threats that can lead to data corruption. It is important to keep in mind that the greater the number of system users of the Benefits Elections System, the more chances there are for crucial information to be leaked or mishandled. Taking the proper precautions to safeguard the data (this should include a thorough training after system implementation) to ensure the information is appropriately handled at all times is vital to the well-being of both the employees, as well as the organization. Given the amount of sensitive information that will be stored within the Benefits Elections System, it is obvious that Huffman Trucking must be aware that cyber-criminals will try to gain access to such data should it be left unprotected. Breaking into information systems for malicious intent is something that has made security what it is today: thorough and inflexible. Hackers are smart nowadays; they can make use of a number of tools and techniques to grant them access to information, which can have damaging effects on the victim(s). The possibilities of what a cyber-criminal will do once he or she has access to sensitive information are endless; however, one thing is for sure: the victim(s) could virtually lose everything. Without the proper security measures that were previously mentioned in place, the Benefits Elections System will be vulnerable to hackers and other malicious attacks. Thoroughly examining the potential risks with the implementation of any information system will allow an organization to effectively develop action plans and enforce the necessary security measures required to reduce and/or eliminate such risks. A thorough and effective risk analysis will demonstrate how firewall security, encryption, and password protection can reduce the risks of database corruption and malicious attacks. Like any information system, the Benefits Elections System will prove to be vulnerable to potential threats if not protected at all costs. References Brown, T. (2010). Protecting Organizations’ Most Critical Data with Privileged Password Management. New York, NY: Auerbach Publications . Dell. (2013). Retrieved from http://www.secureworks.com/resources/articles/other_articles/firewall-security/ Mulvey, A. (2006). QA Database Corruption. Retrieved from

About Simian Virus 40 (SV40) Essay -- Immunology, Diseases

Simian virus 40 (SV40) is a monkey virus that was introduced into the human population by contaminated poliovaccines. The vaccines were produced in SV40 infected monkey cells between 1955 and 1963. The site of latent infection in humans is not known but the presence of SV40 in urine suggests the kidney as a possible site of latency. SV40 is a small DNA virus that is studied extensively because it is able to transform and immortalize multiple cell types (Ozer 2000, Saenz-Robles et al. 2001). Polyoma viruses infect mammals causing tumors and cancer. Similarly to polyoma viruses, SV40 contains a DNA that is associated with histones in a circular complex containing 20- 22 nucleosomes (Varshavsky et al., 1977). SV40 DNA is located in a 50 nm capsid which is composed of homopentameters of the major capsid protein, VP1 (43 kilo Daltons) associated with one of the minor structural proteins VP2 or VP3. Under physiological salt and pH conditions, VP1 alone remains disassociated, and at pH 5, it assembles into tubular structures. Between pH 4 and pH 7, VP2 allows the VP1 pentameters to assemble in spherical particles and incorporates VP1. Furthermore, the virus has an icosahedral symmetry and contains 72 pentameters (Liddington et al., 1991). Figure 1shows the proposed structure of SV40 DNA and the length of each region within the virus. The diagram highlights the arrangement of the early and late regions. Furthermore, it shows the clockwise and counter clockwise symmetry of the large T antigen (TAg), small T antigen (tag), and the major capsid proteins within the virus. Figure 1: diagram of the SV40 virus genome. In 1989, Fogleman et al. analyzed the uncoating and penetration of Simian virus (SV 40). It uses the ganglioside... ... Takahashi, Y., et al. â€Å"Analysis of Promoter binding by the E2F and pRB Families In Vivo: Distinct E2F Proteins Mediate Activation and Repression.† Genes 14 (2000): 804-816. Tà ¼rler, Hans, and Consuelo Salomon. "Simian Virus 40 as a Vector: Recombinant Viruses Expressing Individual Polyoma T Antigens." Virus research 54.2 (1998): 133-45. . Varshavsky, A.J., et al. â€Å"Compact form of SV40 Viral Minichromosome is Resistant to Nuclease: Possible Implications for Chromatin Structure.† Nucleic acids research 4 (1977): 3303-3325. Vilchez, R.A. â€Å"Association between Simian Virus 40 and non-Hodgkin Lymphoma.† Lancet 359 (2002): 817-823. Wang, Chih-Hung, et al. "Simian Virus 40 T Antigen Induces p53-Independent Apoptosis but does Not Suppress erbB2/neu Gene Expression in Immortalized Human Epithelial Cells." Cancer letters 137.1 (1999): 107-15.

Living Apart Together

1. Living Apart Together, also called L. A. T, is a unique phenomenon that through modern time has become more and more popular among couples. The purpose of L. A. T is that a couple, which either are married, engaged or boyfriend and girlfriend, who has an intimate relationship but the couple lives separately on separate addresses. LAT relationships is increasingly understood and also accepted in public. It is seen by most people, as good enough partnership and the couples still remain the same expectations about the commitment and loyalty as marriage or cohabitation.Text 2, ‘’Home Alone Together’’ written by Jill Brooke, focuses on pro and cons statements from both experts and from quite ordinary people. Jeannette Lofas, who is a clinical social worker and the founder of the Stepfamily Foundation, is pro living apart together. She thinks it could be a great solution to blended families because ‘’blended families are so vulnerable to interneci ne resentments and power struggles’’. Some couples, especially young couples, which are in a L. A.T relationship is because of commitment problems. That is why Gail Sheehy, who is an author and writer of the book ‘’Sex and the seasoned Woman’’, also agrees Another advocator (FIN SAMKÆD) of L. A. T relationships is Judye Hess who is a family therapist in Berkeley, California. According to Judye Hess are there to many couples that are trying way to hard to fit into a model of the perfect relationship, and that does not always work out and the solution of that problem could be a L. A. T relationship.In text 3, ‘’Just What Modern Romance Needs: ‘’Living Apart Together’’ ’’ written by Gary Picariello, Living Apart Together is explained as a new term for couples who just don’t want to commit. Gary Picariello is con Living Apart Together, because he don’t think that it is a good solution to a couple who are not good at compromising, negotiation and commitments, as he explains ‘’having their own space to retreat to during the rough times in a relationship could mean that the individual will continue to be not so good at compromise, negotiation, and/or commitment’’.Gary Picariello actually can see a good point in living apart because then when the couple are together then they appreciate their togetherness even more when they do get together. 2. In the third text, ‘’Just What Modern Romance Needs: ‘’Living Apart Together’’ ‘’, Gary Picariello writes as if he is talking directly to the reader (GODT) as if he has to convince the reader. But when he writes in that style, the text, in this case, gets more ordinary and a conversation, he askes question to the reader ‘’So what’s the deal with ‘’Living Apart Together? ’ ‘’ and it make s Gary Picariello’s writing style is very similar to if he should write an essay. 3. In text 1, ‘’Couples that live apart†¦stay together’’ is written by Rosemary Bennett and presents some advantages by living apart. When a couple, one or both partners, have children from previous relationships, then it would be easier to preserve structure and routines if the partners live apart from each other.Some people, who have been through a divorce, find a new boyfriend or girlfriend, and if they have children from the previous relationship, they can be hesitating about the new boyfriend living with the children.A divorce can be rather though to children and when a new man or woman comes in their life they respond on different ways, they either likes them or they do not fancy them at all. If the children do not fancy them, a L. A. T relationship can be the best solution. But the consequence of not living together can be trust issues, when a couple is in a L. A. T relationship it is necessary that the same trust and commitment, as in a relationship where they live together, otherwise the relationship can not work out.

Assess the significance of individual cases in changing...

Since the 19th century, law enforcement and punishment has developed rapidly into the justice system we rely on today. Obscure laws that had become irrelevant in an industrial and post-industrial era were fast being replaced, and despite its lack of existence at the beginning of the 1800’s, policing standards are, today, high. The necessity for this drastic change in approach to crime has stemmed from the needs of industrial Britain, and the increased awareness of the public, and government, and their perception of crime and punishment. Rather than individual cases having a direct impact on these changes, in general they provide an insight as to the reactions of the public at the time, and along with the myriad of other cases, allow us†¦show more content†¦The Tolpuddle Martyrs are a significant case in showing the increased involvement of the public in speaking against the justice system. In 1834, members of the Friendly Society of Agricultural Labourers were transp orted under an outdated law that prohibited the taking of oaths, when they protested for a better wage. Perhaps what brought the most sympathy for the case was the fact that their protest was peaceful, despite the history of violent protest among workers with riots and groups such as the Luddites. The authorities were equally unsympathetic to this case as they were to the other, more violent movements. Even after public interest attracted an 800,000 signature petition, protesters were oppressed at a demonstration in Oldham. The public was aware of the struggles of the poor worker, but the government still dismissed it; refusing to recognise the desperate circumstance of workers and citing greed as the motive of the Martyrs. Clearly the case had little impact on government opinions, with the treatment of the Chartists and the Rebecca Rioters later in the same decade being the same. But an important contribution of the Tolpuddle Martyrs case was the impact it had on public opinion, an d the increased popularity of worker’s unions. This case might suggest that reform is unrelated to the attitudes of society atShow MoreRelatedOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesorganisational theory. Whilst their writing is accessible and engaging, their approach is scholarly and serious. It is so easy for students (and indeed others who should know better) to trivialize this very problematic and challenging subject. This is not the case with the present book. This is a book that deserves to achieve a wide readership. Professor Stephen Ackroyd, Lancaster University, UK This new textbook usefully situates organization theory within the scholarly debates on modernism and postmodernism